Kazem Yavari; Hossein Ghaderi
Volume 6, Issue 18 , April 2004, , Pages 111-140
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to find out simultaneously the determinants of the parallel market premium, real exchange rate and price level by using a macroeconomic model. Using the 3SLS regression technique, the paper shows that money, expected inflation rate, net return of foreign exchange, investment, ...
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The purpose of this paper is to find out simultaneously the determinants of the parallel market premium, real exchange rate and price level by using a macroeconomic model. Using the 3SLS regression technique, the paper shows that money, expected inflation rate, net return of foreign exchange, investment, public budget and oil revenues have significant effects on the parallel market premium, real exchange rate and price level. Our simulation results show that devaluation of domestic currency raises prices. It also lowers the premium in the short run but not it the long run. The nominal devaluation leads to real devaluation in the first year but will cause the real exchange rate to be overvalued at the end. This policy will also lower output and raise domestic currency denominated oil revenues and official foreign reserves. An important implication of the empirical results of the paper is that government has to maintain discipline in fiscal and monetary policy to be able to stabilize the parallel market premium, real exchange rate and prices.
Reza Nasr Esfahani; Kazem Yavari
Volume 5, Issue 16 , October 2003, , Pages 69-99
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of real and nominal variables in inflation by using a Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR). This model used liquidity growth، exchange rates growth، inflation rate، expected inflation as nominal variable and real output gap as real variable by employing ...
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of real and nominal variables in inflation by using a Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR). This model used liquidity growth، exchange rates growth، inflation rate، expected inflation as nominal variable and real output gap as real variable by employing seasonal data. The results show that the cause of inflation is not just the liquidity growth، the chronic inflation is also related to real variables. The VAR results show that in the short-run، nominal variables such as liquidity growth، and exchange rates do affect inflation rate. In the long run، however، stability of prices depends not only on monetary growth but also on the expected inflation and real output gap. The empirical results indicate that liquidity growth is endogenous and nominal variables are related to real output gap. The paper concludes that it is not enough to rely just on monetary policy to control prices in the Iranian economy and in the long run، real output gap should be reduced.